Docker上部署SpringBoot项目并推送镜像到Docker Hub上---以MacOS为例

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发布时间：2019-05-25

本文共 17126 字，大约阅读时间需要 57 分钟。

Docker部署、镜像推送至Docker Hub、拉取、运行

Docker部署

1、首先需要通过Maven将项目打包可在本地运行的jar包

2、新建Dockerfile文件【直接New File–》输入DockerFile便能建立】，为了方便后续操作，本文将Dockerfile文件建立target文件夹下在这里插入图片描述

Dockerfile文件内容

# Docker image for springboot file run# VERSION 0.0.1# Author: silentwu# 基础镜像使用java#### 打包代码FROM java:8# 作者MAINTAINER silentwu 
   
    # VOLUME 指定了临时文件目录为/tmp。# 其效果是在主机 /var/lib/docker 目录下创建了一个临时文件，并链接到容器的/tmpVOLUME /tmp# 将jar包添加到容器中并更名为vorcsbine.jarADD vorcsbine.jar /vorcsbine.jar# 运行jar包# RUN bash -c 'touch /vorcsbine.jar'ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/vorcsbine.jar"]

文件内容解释

VOLUME /tmp

可选项，VOLUME 指定了临时文件目录为/tmp。其效果是在主机 /var/lib/docker 目录下创建了一个临时文件，并链接到容器的/tmp。如若设计到文件相关操作，需要设置本配置项，/tmp目录用于存储Docker数据文件。

ADD vorcsbine.jar /vorcsbine.jar

将jar包添加到容器中并更名为vorcsbine.jar，根据你当前jar包路径设置即可。

ENTRYPOINT [“java”,"-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/vorcsbine.jar"]

因为 Spring Boot 使用的内嵌 Tomcat 容器默认使用/tmp作为工作目录，项目的 jar 文件作为“vorcsbine.jar” 添加到容器的ENTRYPOINT 执行项目 vorcsbine.jar。为了缩短 Tomcat 启动时间，添加一个系统属性指向 “/dev/./urandom” 作为 Entropy Source。如果是第一次打包，它会自动下载java 8的镜像作为基础镜像，以后再制作镜像的时候就不会再下载了

制作镜像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker build -t vorcsbine .Sending build context to Docker daemon  1.528GBStep 1/5 : FROM java:8 ---> d23bdf5b1b1bStep 2/5 : MAINTAINER silentwu 
   
     ---> Running in 757cd8cf3511Removing intermediate container 757cd8cf3511 ---> a260f535e5e6Step 3/5 : VOLUME /tmp ---> Running in 6338f383b1b7Removing intermediate container 6338f383b1b7 ---> de97b5525493Step 4/5 : ADD vorcsbine.jar /vorcsbine.jar ---> 6fe2feaa8abaStep 5/5 : ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/vorcsbine.jar"] ---> Running in b5337a432769Removing intermediate container b5337a432769 ---> 90f6886714adSuccessfully built 90f6886714adSuccessfully tagged vorcsbine:latest

设置镜像名为vorcsbine，默认的镜像版本为latest

查看镜像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        2 minutes ago       1.17GBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MB

本地运行镜像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8090:8090 vorcsbine4c0aaf6a919f21163b7794eb6af699991f4e7d7d50523c2ed765dad724ed40f2

-d 表示后台运行，-p 用于映射端口 vorcsbine是镜像名

使用docker run 命令每次会创建一个新的容器实例，一个镜像可对应多个容器实例，我们可以通过设置不同端口来实现(这里再创建两个容器实例进行运行)

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8091:8090 vorcsbinee2c349054bc5ed9a87111e9d24f86bc40ac74d6325b82c93dcb092a546365deawubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8092:8090 vorcsbine78212d6e55ec4776f0b58e51153604576527de346f7807b02da43a5dc17d9f45

使用docker ps命令来查看运行中的容器使用docker ps -a命令来查看所有容器，包含没运行的容器实例

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES78212d6e55ec        vorcsbine           "java -Djava.securit…"   5 minutes ago       Up 5 minutes        0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp                                 nifty_fermie2c349054bc5        vorcsbine           "java -Djava.securit…"   5 minutes ago       Up 5 minutes        0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp                                 reverent_heyrovsky4c0aaf6a919f        vorcsbine           "java -Djava.securit…"   9 minutes ago       Up 9 minutes        0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp                                 inspiring_bassi

本地有三个端口映射到了Docker的8090端口，这也意味着我们可以使用这三个端口去访问应用。

http://localhost:8090/vorcsbine/

http://localhost:8091/vorcsbine/

http://localhost:8092/vorcsbine/

镜像推送、拉取、运行

镜像制作完毕之后，为了方便日后使用，可以将镜像推送至Docker Hub上

镜像推送

1、使用镜像推送前需要登录Docker Hub账户，没注册的小伙伴们点击此处去

2、注册完毕之后，使用docker login登录

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:target wubaozhang$ docker loginAuthenticating with existing credentials...Login Succeeded

我之前由于登录过了，就不用重新输入账户密码。

3、使用docker tag命令给镜像定制版本，为了方便以后查看项目版本，我们需要改动镜像的tag版本，由于我之前上传了0.0.1版本至Docker Hub，为了避免重复，我们这里改成0.0.2版本

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker tag  vorcsbine silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        29 minutes ago      1.17GBsilentwu/vorcsbine       0.0.2               90f6886714ad        29 minutes ago      1.17GB

需要主要的是，由于docker官方镜像仓库默认是以用户名为仓库的，silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2的含义便是将vorcsbine:0.0.2镜像推送至silentwu仓库中

4、使用docker push命令进行镜像推送

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker push silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2The push refers to repository [docker.io/silentwu/vorcsbine]8a9d72a73ec7: Layer already exists 35c20f26d188: Mounted from silentwu/demo c3fe59dd9556: Layer already exists 6ed1a81ba5b6: Layer already exists a3483ce177ce: Layer already exists ce6c8756685b: Layer already exists 30339f20ced0: Layer already exists 0eb22bfb707d: Layer already exists a2ae92ffcd29: Layer already exists 0.0.2: digest: sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344cc size: 2213

5、镜像推送结果

在这里插入图片描述

推送后的镜像默认是public view

镜像拉取

小伙伴后可以安装好Docker后，使用docker pull 命令进行拉取

为了方便测试，我这里先把本地的删除掉，使用docker image rm REPOSITORY:TAG或IMAGE ID

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        44 minutes ago      1.17GBsilentwu/vorcsbine       0.0.2               90f6886714ad        44 minutes ago      1.17GBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MBwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker image rm silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine@sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344ccwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MB

我们发现silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 镜像已经在本地删除

使用docker pull命令开始拉取镜像

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker pull silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.20.0.2: Pulling from silentwu/vorcsbineDigest: sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344ccStatus: Downloaded newer image for silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/vorcsbine       0.0.2               90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MB

发现已成功拉取

镜像运行

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:vorcsbine wubaozhang$ docker run -d -p 8094:8090 silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2 569e8a0d1a0cfb11e8b7598b2d3cbcbe9c9909aedd29eba3967ecafc97e55571

删除镜像需要注意的问题

如果镜像存在正在运行的容器实例，需要先停止容器实例的运行

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                      COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES569e8a0d1a0c        silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2   "java -Djava.securit…"   9 minutes ago       Up 9 minutes        0.0.0.0:8094->8090/tcp                                 heuristic_shirley78212d6e55ec        vorcsbine                  "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp                                 nifty_fermie2c349054bc5        vorcsbine                  "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp                                 reverent_heyrovsky4c0aaf6a919f        vorcsbine                  "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp                                 inspiring_bassi5bdad1c46b6b        zookeeper

可以看到有四个容器实例正在运行，由于镜像vorcsbine对应三个容器实例，为了方便，我们这里删除silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2镜像实例

我们这里先不关闭容器直接删除

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/vorcsbine       0.0.2               90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MBwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker image rm 90f6886714adError response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 90f6886714ad (cannot be forced) - image is being used by running container 569e8a0d1a0c

可以发现报错无法删除，它的意思说我们要删除的镜像存在运行中的容器实例

所以，我们需要先停止容器实例，使用docker stop CONTAINERID命令停止，再进行删除

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                      COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES569e8a0d1a0c        silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2   "java -Djava.securit…"   15 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes       0.0.0.0:8094->8090/tcp                                 heuristic_shirley78212d6e55ec        vorcsbine                  "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp                                 nifty_fermie2c349054bc5        vorcsbine                  "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp                                 reverent_heyrovsky4c0aaf6a919f        vorcsbine                  "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp                                 inspiring_bassi5bdad1c46b6b        zookeeper                  "/docker-entrypoint.…"   15 months ago       Up 3 days           2888/tcp, 3888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2181->2181/tcp, 8080/tcp   myzkwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker stop 569e8a0d1a0c569e8a0d1a0cwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES78212d6e55ec        vorcsbine           "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8092->8090/tcp                                 nifty_fermie2c349054bc5        vorcsbine           "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8091->8090/tcp                                 reverent_heyrovsky4c0aaf6a919f        vorcsbine           "java -Djava.securit…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8090->8090/tcp                                 inspiring_bassi5bdad1c46b6b        zookeeper           "/docker-entrypoint.…"   15 months ago       Up 3 days           2888/tcp, 3888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2181->2181/tcp, 8080/tcp   myzk

最后再进行删除

wubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/vorcsbine       0.0.2               90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MBwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker image rm silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine:0.0.2Untagged: silentwu/vorcsbine@sha256:ddd55980532061afab63befcc2bf421894a075df1cccbbb891e161295c4344ccwubaozhangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wubaozhang$ docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEvorcsbine                latest              90f6886714ad        About an hour ago   1.17GBsilentwu/demo            1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBsilentwu/silentwu        1.0.0               0f98c6499f7e        4 days ago          660MBappbaseio/dejavu         latest              fc2748827cf7        10 months ago       230MBmysql                    5.7                 1e4405fe1ea9        13 months ago       437MBtomcat                   latest              8973f493aa0a        16 months ago       508MBzookeeper                latest              eb0a01329223        16 months ago       225MBhello-world              latest              fce289e99eb9        2 years ago         1.84kBcontainerize/elastichd   latest              c2202f76db37        3 years ago         28.1MBjava                     8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        3 years ago         643MB

最后成功删除